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Article History

Received: 24 December 2025

Accepted: 22 February 2026

First Online: 4 May 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that could have influenced the outcomes or interpretations of this research.

: This research involved laboratory-based experimental studies and did not include human participants or animal subjects. Therefore, no ethical approval was required. The manuscript has been reviewed using the iThenticate plagiarism detection system, and it achieved an acceptable similarity score, ensuring the originality and integrity of the work.