Zhao, Huakai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8268-4885
Li, Jiansheng
Liu, Xiaomin
Yang, Zidi
Dou, Xiaojing
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42330113)
National Key Laboratory of Spatial Reference System (SKLGIE2023-M-2-2)
Article History
Received: 31 December 2024
Accepted: 2 June 2025
First Online: 29 July 2025
Conflict of interest
: H. Zhao, J. Li, X. Liu, Z. Yang and X. Dou declare that they have no competing interests.