Khan, Fawad
Feng, Wei
Wang, Zhiyong
Huang, Tianlun
Liu, Xiao
Cui, Yunduan
Wang, Weijun
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB4705002)
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Robotics and Intelligent Construction (2022KSYS013)
Article History
Received: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
: All authors have given their consent for the publication of this manuscript.
: Not applicable.
: The primary codebase used in this study is publicly available on GitHub and has also been discussed in the reference section (Ray et al. ). Specific implementations and modifications used in this study will be publicly available upon publication, but can also be provided upon request.