Coburn, Shayna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9526-3580
Trojanowski, Paige J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-9087
Vagadori, Jack https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-6438
Connolly, Megan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3557-8502
Germone, Monique
Maddux, Michele https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-4604
Reed, Bonney https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1808-6132
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK129826)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK122115)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (UL1TR001876)
Society of Pediatric Psychology (220900)
Article History
Received: 28 February 2025
Revised: 7 November 2025
Accepted: 14 December 2025
First Online: 8 February 2026
Declarations
:
: These studies were performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approvals were granted by the following Institutional Review Boards: Children’s National Hospital (Initial Approval 5/27/2021; #Pro00015490 (Coburn); Initial Approval: 5/29/2020#Pro00013663 (Connolly)); Children’s Hospital Colorado (Initial Approval: 03/15/2022 COMIRB#21-5075 (Germone)); Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta (Initial Approval 3/7/2016/IRB00085974 (Reed)).
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the respective studies detailed in the manuscript.
: Psychology.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.