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Article History

Received: 23 August 2025

Revised: 8 October 2025

Accepted: 9 October 2025

First Online: 5 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study involved informal interviews with supply chain managers. Ethical approval was obtained from the University Human Ethics Committee under the approval number 24/0283. All data used in this review were approved for access through the University’s agreement with the publishers.

: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used Gemini Pro 1.5 and Grammarly to enhance the readability. After using this tool service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of financial or non-financial interests that are directly or indirectly related to the work submitted for publication.