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Article History

Received: 17 December 2025

Revised: 31 March 2026

Accepted: 1 April 2026

First Online: 28 April 2026

Declarations

: I confirm that all the research conducted for this study was carried out independently, without using AI tools for data collection, analysis, or any research assistance. The findings, methodologies, and conclusions presented are entirely my work. I have utilized AI tools such as Grammarly and ChatGPT solely for editing, improving the readability of my writing, and ensuring grammatical accuracy. I used these tools to improve my work’s clarity and presentation, but they did not help generate or analyze the research content.

: No conflict is involved in this study. The authors declare that no financial or non-financial competing interests are relevant to this work.