Document is current

Article History

Accepted: 10 July 2025

First Online: 25 July 2025

Declarations

:

: N. Tsitiridis and S. Thompson Hilpert are employees of BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG. A. Schmetz was an employee of BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG during the writing of this manuscript. A. Dymond, W. Green, and E. Barker are employees of York Health Economics Consortium, which was engaged by BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG for this analysis. S. Behrens reports lecture fees and travel costs from BIOTRONIK in the context of this study. C. Jøns and P. Søgaard report no conflict of interest.

: This study was funded by BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.

: The authors confirm that this article is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported and that no important aspects have been omitted. AD and WG designed and developed the model, performed the computations, and wrote the technical report. EB performed statistical analysis on the BIO|GUARD trial data that was used to inform the model. NT and AS drafted the manuscript. STH supervised the project. CJ, SB, and PS developed and conducted the BIO|GUARD-MI trial. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the results and reviewed the final manuscript.

: The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are presented in the outlined publication or are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: The cost-effectiveness model is available as an executable Excel file within the supplementary materials.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.