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Article History

Accepted: 28 July 2025

First Online: 4 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was supported by AIA International. The funders had no involvement in study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the report, and decision to submit the article for publication.

: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

: Data used in this study can be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

: The codes used for this study can be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

: K.W.: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft; H.M.S.: investigation, data curation, writing—review & editing; C.H.K.Y.: investigation, project administration, writing—review & editing; S.T.: conceptualization, writing—review & editing; C.L.: methodology, writing—review & editing; Y.W.: investigation, project administration, writing—review & editing; E.L.W.: supervision, writing—review & editing; E.K.Y.: conceptualization, supervision, writing—review & editing.

: This study was approved by the Survey and Behavioral Research Ethics Committee of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Reference No.: SBRE-21-0764).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: Not applicable.