Updates are available Correction dated 2026-03-31
Click to view Correction: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41669-026-00646-x
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Authors
Scavina, Mena
Posner, Nate
Dorling, Patricia
Talaga, Anna
Stachel, Anna
Alvir, Jose
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pfizer
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More Information
Article History
Received: 14 December 2024
Accepted: 5 October 2025
First Online: 20 January 2026
Change Date: 23 March 2026
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised. The following Conflict of Interest statement was added for author Mena Scavina: "She was also a consultant to Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy (PPMD)"
Change Date: 31 March 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41669-026-00646-x
Declarations
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: Mena Scavina was a paid consultant for Pfizer and had received a grant for her time as a consultant. She was also a consultant to Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy (PPMD). Nathaniel Posner is employed at Pfizer and holds stock ownership. Anna Talaga is a previous employee and stockholder of Pfizer. Jose Alvir is employed at Pfizer and holds stock ownership. The rest of the authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: There is no requirement for review since this study only uses commercially available de-identified secondary data sources and is considered exempt from the requirements for “human subjects research” in the USA.
: Upon request, and subject to review, Pfizer will provide the data that support the findings of this study. Subject to certain criteria, conditions and exceptions, Pfizer may also provide access to the related individual de-identified participant data. See for more information.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Conceptualization: Nathaniel Posner, Patricia Dorling, Anna Talaga; Methodology: Mena Scavina, Nathaniel Posner, and Anna Stachel; formal analysis and investigation: Mena Scavina, Nathaniel Posner, Patricia Dorling, Anna Talaga, Anna Stachel, and Jose Alvir; writing—original draft preparation: Mena Scavina, Nathaniel Posner, and Anna Talaga; writing—review and editing: Mena Scavina, Nathaniel Posner, Patricia Dorling, Anna Stachel, and Jose Alvir; funding acquisition: Nathaniel Posner and Anna Talaga; administrative, technical, or logistic support: Anna Talaga; supervision: Nathaniel Posner
