Document is current

Article History

Received: 10 March 2025

Accepted: 16 November 2025

First Online: 4 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Congling Gu and Zhenguo Wang are employees of Takeda (China). Congling Gu holds Takeda stock. Other authors have none to declare.

: The data supporting the findings of this study are derived from publicly available literature and expert interviews. No individual patient data were used in this study. The literature data can be accessed from the respective publications, and expert interview aggregated data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The Excel-based model used to conduct this analysis contains proprietary information and is not publicly available.

: Li Yang, Jie Peng, Congling Gu, Zhenguo Wang, and Genyong Zuo formulated the research idea and developed the study protocol. Genyong Zuo, Li Yang and Congling Gu constructed the model structure and completed the model analysis. Congling Gu and Zhenguo Wang estimated the model variables. Li Yang, Jie Peng, Congling Gu, Zhenguo Wang, and Genyong Zuo were fully involved with the development of this manuscript. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript and approved the submission of this manuscript.