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Authors
Nuwamanya, Elly https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6979-015X
Mayito, Jonathan
Okoboi, Stephen
Galiwango, Ronald
Byonanebye, Dathan
Nakasendwa, Suzan
Dhikusooka, Flavia
Nabisere, Janet
Twemanye, Vivian
Tumwine, Conrad
Hope, Mackline
Kiggundu, Reuben
Twinomuhwezi, Ellon
Chola, Lumbwe
Babigumira, Joseph
Tylleskär, Thorkild
Kakooza, Francis
Kambugu, Andrew
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (226692/Z/22/Z)
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Article History
Received: 8 January 2025
Accepted: 23 November 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Data supporting this study is available from the IDI AMR Data Warehouse at . Access to this data is subject to approval and a data-sharing agreement for legal or ethical reasons.
: Not applicable.
: The Infectious Diseases Institute Research Ethics Committee (IDI-REC-2023-67) and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (HS3690ES) approved the extensive study, which included this sub-study.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Concept and design: EN, JM, SO, RG, DM, SN, FD, VT, CT, MH, RK, ET, FK, and AK. Data compilation: EN, JM, RG, FD, JN, VT, and CT. Analysis and interpretation: EN. Writing the original draft: EN. Reviewing and editing: JM, SO, DM, RG, RK, LC, JB, and TT. Approval of the final version of the manuscript: EN, JM, SO, RG, DM, SN, FD, JN, VT, CT, MH, RK, ET, LC, JB, TT, FK, and AK.
