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Article History

Received: 24 June 2025

Accepted: 15 March 2026

First Online: 30 March 2026

Declarations

:

: KW, EP, and IO are employees of Inovalon, which received funding from Karuna Therapeutics, a Bristol Myers Squibb company, to conduct this study. KG is an employee of Karuna Therapeutics, a Bristol Myers Squibb company. At the time the research was conducted, JT was an employee of Inovalon and AC and MS were employees of Karuna Therapeutics, a Bristol Myers Squibb company.

: This article has no associated data that will be made available, due to restrictions outlined by data usage agreements with select data contributors.

: This administrative claims analysis utilized de-identified data in compliance with the confidentiality requirements in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Thus, this study was exempt from institutional review board review and approval.

: This administrative claims analysis utilized de-identified data in compliance with the confidentiality requirements in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Thus, this study was exempt from patient consent procedures.

: Not applicable.

: The codes used for this study can be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

: All authors had access to the data, had a role in writing this manuscript, including critically reviewing the manuscript, and made significant contributions to this work. All authors agreed on the journal submission choice, have agreed on all revisions, gave final approval for the version to be published, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.