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Authors
Bezdenezhnykh, Tatiana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4839-8081
O’Mahony, James F. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3414-7388
Jacob, Benjamin M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-064X
Redmond, Patrick https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3929-2018
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Health Research Board (SDAP-2023-033)
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Article History
Received: 18 November 2025
Accepted: 1 April 2026
First Online: 4 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: This study used publicly available, de-identified datasets (CSO Census 2022, CSO PEC19 projections, Eurobarometer 2017). Ethical approval was not required.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: All data are publicly available: CSO Census 2022 (Table F4042), CSO PEC19 population projections, and Eurobarometer 2017 (ZA6861; ).
: Derived model outputs and analysis code are available as an online supplementary resource to this publication.
: Conceptualisation: TB, JFOM; methodology: TB, JFOM; data curation: TB; formal analysis: TB; writing—original draft: TB; writing—review and editing: BMJ, PR, JFOM; supervision: JFOM, PR. All authors contributed to the development of the manuscript and have read and approved the final version.
