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Authors
Modley, Ben
Seddik, Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5783-2914
Evans, Marc
Stephens, Stephanie
Salter, Chloe
Appierto, Marilena
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Boehringer Ingelheim
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Article History
Received: 26 September 2025
Accepted: 10 May 2026
First Online: 24 May 2026
Declarations
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: AS is an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim. BM has received consulting honoraria in relation to the conceptualisation and design of the model and the conduct of this study. SS, CS and MA are employees of Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd, who received funding from Boehringer Ingelheim in relation to the conduct of this study. ME has received honoraria grants from Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Daiichi Sankyo.
: Data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its supplementary materials.
: Not applicable.
: A simplified version of the model was provided to the manuscript reviewers during the peer review process; however, the model and any associated code are proprietary and will not be available in the public domain.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: AS and BM conceptualised and designed the study. All authors contributed to data analysis, interpretation of the results and preparation and review of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript for publication.
