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Authors
Dick, Mbuotidem https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-1747
Bery, Andy Anderson https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8974-9808
Akingboye, Adedibu Sunny https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-6098
Gnapragasan, Joseph https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8803-7059
Muztaza, Nordiana Mohd https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7067-5607
Ismail, Nur Azwin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-7410
Sharoni, Syarawi Muhammad Husni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5755-8078
Mohammed, Babangida Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-8094
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (203.PFIZIK.6712108)
Universiti Sains Malaysia (304/PFIZIK/6315489)
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Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Revised: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 7 August 2025
First Online: 23 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors assert that they do not have any competing interests or personal ties that might have potentially influenced the research presented in this manuscript.
: All ethical standards have been duly followed during the research.
: Not Applicable.
: No Applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
