Bashir, Barjeece
Cai, Rong
Wang, Shaohua
Liang, Dong
Cao, Chunxiang
Xu, Min
Sarwar, Abid
Xie, Bo
Mumtaz, Faisal
Zhidong, Zhang
Ali, Irfan
Funding for this research was provided by:
Talent Introduction Program Youth Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ((E43302020D, E2Z10501))
the Innovation Group Project of the Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences ((E33D0201-5))
Article History
Received: 20 July 2025
Revised: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 6 September 2025
First Online: 24 September 2025
Declarations
:
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used ChatGPT to ensure the language and readability of the paper. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and took (s) full responsibility for the publication’s content.