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Authors
Rehman, Akhtar
Ghani, Maliha
Benchen, Fu
Ahmad, Shafee
Hamza, Muhammad
Aziz, Asad
Ali, Muhammad Sibt e
Rehman, Nazir Ur
Rehman, Naveed
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Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Revised: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 8 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The authors used ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0. and other GPT models to enhance the language and readability of the manuscript during its preparation. After using these resources, the authors meticulously reviewed and revised the content as needed, taking full responsibility for the final version of the work. Additionally, we acknowledge the assistance of QuillBot Paraphraser and Grammarly in improving the English language of the manuscript.
