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Retraction Note: Urban Spatial Dynamics and Geo-informatics Prediction of Karachi from 1990–2050 Using Remote Sensing and CA-ANN Simulation

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-025-00962-y

Published Online: 2025-12-02

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

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