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Authors
Bannon, Erin E.
O’Brien, William H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6620-1401
Peijsel, Chatwiboon
Teerapong, Teerawan
Uthayaratana, Tanapong
Boonyarit, Itsara
Chavanovanich, Jennifer
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Article History
Received: 9 March 2025
Accepted: 20 October 2025
First Online: 27 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA). The project received approval from the Bowling Green State University IRB (Project #473040-8). All participants were provided with written informed consent and made aware of their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the study and no identifiable information was included in any analyses.
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.
: Not applicable. The interventions were brief and designed to test experimental hypotheses related to evaluation anxiety, cognitive interference, and working memory. The participants were not a clinical sample.
