Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Zheng, Haotian
Huang, Jin
Sherraden, Michael
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ford Foundation
Charles Stewart Mott Foundation
Anonymous donor
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 3 March 2025
Revised: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), Washington University in St. Louis. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.
: All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
: was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All participants provided written consent to participate, and the study ensured confidentiality and anonymity of participant data. The research complied with the ethical principles outlined by the IRB at Washington University in St. Louis.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
