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Authors
Zhou, Yang
Li, Yuanyuan
Zhu, Aijing
Huang, Shuaijing
Liang, Yan
Yue, Chunxiao
Bai, Xiaoyu
Feng, Yadong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-3840
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nanjing Municipal Health Bureau (YKK22276)
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Article History
Received: 6 April 2025
Revised: 22 August 2025
Accepted: 27 August 2025
First Online: 2 September 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest.
: This study was conducted at Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (Ethical Approval No. 2022ZDSYLL456-P01).
: The Ethics Committee granted a waiver of informed consent due to the retrospective study design. All data were anonymously extracted from the hospital’s Endoscopy Reporting System, with strict adherence to the “Ethical Review Measures for Life Sciences and Medical Research Involving Humans” and relevant data security regulations.
