Biswal, Shreya
Kiruthika, Sakthi
George, Sudeep M.
Chakrawarty, Avinash
Wig, Naveet
Rao, Abhijith Rajaram https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3904-4372
Article History
Received: 27 September 2025
Revised: 28 December 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. All co-authors have seen and agree with the contents of the manuscript. We certify that the submission is original work and is not under review at any other publication.
: LASI Wave 1 received ethical approval from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: All participants provided informed consent prior to their participation.
: While the LASI project is jointly funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Government of Inda (GoI), and the United Nations Population Funds (UNFPA), India. The authors received no funding.