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Article History

Received: 17 February 2025

Accepted: 24 July 2025

First Online: 6 August 2025

Declarations

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: B.O.Y., O.C., DY, G.H, A.J.L., M.P, D.P, B.B., D.M., D.N.V., D.G., and C.B. have no relevant disclosures to report. V.S. has received research support from Alexion, Novo Nordisk, Dexcom, Breakthrough T1D, and NIH (NIDDK/NIAMS) and consulting, speaking, or advisory board from Dexcom, Insulet, Tandem Diabetes Care, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Embecta, Lilly, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Sequel Med Tech, Biomea Fusion, Lumosfit, and Genomelink. C.G. Present: Wolters Kluwer– royalties as textbook editor. Past: Gilead Sciences– consulting fees (for pediatric HIV bone density trial). J.K.M is a member of advisory boards of Abbott Diabetes Care, Biomea Fusion, Dexcom Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Embecta, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk A/S, Pharmasens, Roche Diabetes Care, and Sanofi-Aventis and received speaker honoraria from A. Menarini Diagnostics, Abbott Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk A/S, Roche Diabetes Care, and Sanofi. She is shareholder of decide Clinical Software GmbH and Elyte Diagnostics and serves as CMO of Elyte Diagnostics. B.M was a PI in the SELECT trial. Else her interests are Reset Health shareholder Advisory Novo Nordisk, Lilly, Astra Zeneca Speaking bureau: Novo Nordisk, Lilly, and Amgen. B.L. has received research grants from Amgen, advisory boards, consultancy, and speaker bureaus from Amgen, UCB, Mereo, Samsung-Bioepis, Angitia, Entero-Bio, and Gideon-Richter. P.G. has received financial compensation from Medtronic in connection with preparing and delivering this presentation. E.G has commercial interest with Amryt/Chiesi; Recordati; Xeris; Corcept; Sparrow, Nature of Relationship: Institution-directed research support for clinical trial participation / Amryt/Chiesi; Crinetics; Xeris; HRA Pharma; Sparrow; Recordati; and Lundbeck, Nature of Relationship: Scientific Consulting/Advisory Boards. G.E.F. is a co-author of the ASBMR-BHOF Goal-Directed Osteoporosis Treatment position statement. G.F has received research grants to study obesity from competitive funding bodies: Fondo Investigación Sanitaria (FIS), CIBEROBN, and the Spanish Institute of Health & EU Funds. A.C. has received honoraria from Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Astra Zeneca, Sanofi Aventis, ESTEVE, ZAMBON, and Boehringer Ingelheim, and Advisory Board from Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Data monitoring committee Boehringer Ingelheim. C.S. provides consulting services to STEROTHERAPEUTICS, Inc. and works with HUMAN LONGEVITY, ASTREA Health and Healthspan Digital, all private entities in the field of genetics. He has also received research support from Pfizer, Inc. All the above are unrelated to the content of this article. J.W reports consultancy / advisory board work for the pharmaceutical industry contracted via the University of Liverpool (no personal payment) for Altimmune, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cytoki, Lilly, Napp, Novo Nordisk, Menarini, Pfizer, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Saniona, Tern, & Shionogi; research grants for clinical trials from AstraZeneca and Novo Nordisk and personal honoraria / lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medscape, Novo Nordisk, and Rhythm. He is past president of the World Obesity Federation, a member of the Association for the Study of Obesity, Diabetes UK, EASD, ADA, Society for Endocrinology and the Rank Prize Funds Nutrition Committee. From 2009 to 2024 he was national lead for the Metabolic and Endocrine Specialty Group of the UK NIHR Clinical Research Network. E.A. is an advisory board member of Astellas and Besins Healthcare. C.H has received lecture fees from Novo Nordisk, Sandoz, and Pfizer. G.T has had a conflict of interest over the last 3 years regarding the topic “Lecture fees from Novo Nordisk, Medtronic, Sanofi.”