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Authors
Chen, Jinyan
Zhang, Kexin
Wang, Yuqun
Zhang, Xiaofei
Xiong, Guoji
Sun, Xiaodong
Hou, Ningning
Zhang, Yang
Kan, Chengxia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-0303
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170865)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82370856)
Taishan Scholars Project of Shandong Province (tsqn202211365)
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Article History
Received: 8 July 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 15 December 2025
Declarations
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: The NHANES data were approved by the NCHS Ethics Review Board, with all participants providing written informed consent. This study was also approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
