Naveed, Amna https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1309-5534
Lippincott, Margaret F.
Stamou, Maria
Balasubramanian, Ravi
Bryant, Nora K.
Seminara, Stephanie B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-3029
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Center for Translational Research in Reproduction and Infertility (P50HD104224)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R37HD043341)
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (R01FD007843)
Article History
Received: 23 February 2026
Accepted: 13 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Mass General Brigham Institutional Review Boards (IRB).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Stephanie Seminara has a financial interest in SeNa Therapeutics, which is developing treatments for reproductive disorders. Dr. Seminara’s interests were reviewed and are managed by MGH and Mass General Brigham in accordance with their conflict of interest policies. The other authors have nothing to disclose.