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Authors
Askarizade, Mojgan
Davoodijam, Ensieh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2297-9921
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 21 September 2025
First Online: 17 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: This study analyzed publicly accessible Twitter content and did not involve any direct interaction with human subjects. Due to the political sensitivity of the material and the potential presence of personally identifiable or harmful content, the complete text corpus is not publicly released. In accordance with institutional guidance, research using publicly available social media data of this nature was considered exempt from full Institutional Review Board (IRB) review.
