Hänninen, Vilma http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-5696
Koski-Jännes, Anja
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Eastern Finland (UEF) including Kuopio University Hospital
Article History
Received: 7 November 2022
Revised: 20 February 2023
Accepted: 22 February 2023
First Online: 18 April 2023
Declarations
:
: In the Finnish practice, non-medical studies involving human participants should obtain an ethics review from a research ethical committee if “a) participation in the research deviates from the principle of informed consent, b) the research involves intervening in the physical integrity of research participants, c) the focus of the research is on minors under the age of 15, without separate consent from a parent or carer or without informing a parent or carer in a way that would enable them to prevent the child’s participation in the research, d) the research exposes participants to exceptionally strong stimuli, e) the research involves a risk of causing mental harm that exceeds the limits of normal daily life to the research participants or their family members or others closest to them, or f) conducting the research could involve a threat to the safety of participants or researchers or their family members or others closest to them” (Ethical Review | Finnish National Board on Research Integrity TENK). This study does not have any of the above characteristics, and therefore, ethical approval was not sought.
: In the call for participation, the potential participants were given information about the purpose of the study and told that participation would be anonymous, and the participants would not be identifiable in the publications of the study. Filling out of the form was considered as constituting consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.