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Authors
Zhu, Haitao
Cheng, Bo
Song, Yanyu
Kim, Hyoung Seop
Chen, Naibin
Zhou, Wenlong
Liu, Duo
Hu, Shengpeng
Song, Xiaoguo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52505356)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QE221)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023JQ021)
Shandong Province University Youth Innovation and Technology Support Program (2024KJH013)
State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures (MSWJ-24M07)
Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province (tsqn202312139)
Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province (tspd20240809)
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Article History
Received: 12 October 2025
Revised: 17 December 2025
Accepted: 6 January 2026
First Online: 28 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
