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Authors
Sasikumar, Ragu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0674-7450
Ranganathan, Palraj https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-7913
Mutharani, Bhuvanenthiran
Chiu, Fang-Chyou https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-8539
Kim, Byungki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0165-4973
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CMRPD2M0272)
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 112‑2221‑E‑182‑002‑MY3)
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF–2018R1A6A1A03025526)
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Article History
Received: 7 May 2026
Revised: 26 June 2026
Accepted: 13 July 2026
First Online: 21 July 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from the participant prior to involvement in the biomechanical motion experiments, including consent for the use and publication of associated data. The study was performed in full compliance with established ethical standards.
