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Authors
Cai, Pengfei
Li, Biyuan
Ma, Jinying
Tian, Xiao
Yan, Jun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Research Project of Tianjin Education Commission (2020KJ124)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (11601372)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF0706003)
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Article History
Received: 10 October 2024
Revised: 30 April 2025
Accepted: 2 May 2025
First Online: 6 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: This study was conducted in compliance with ethical standards and guidelines. All participants provided informed consent prior to their involvement in the study, and their confidentiality and privacy were strictly maintained throughout the research process.
: All authors have reviewed and approved the manuscript and consent to its publication in Journal of Bionic Engineering. If applicable, consent for publication has also been obtained from all participants involved in the study.
