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Authors
Refat, Chowdhury Mohammad Masum
Ariyanto, Mochammad
Tanaka, Ryo
Yamamoto, Kotaro
Hirota, Nima
Morishima, Keisuke https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1146-3900
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The University of Osaka
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Article History
Received: 22 December 2025
Revised: 5 July 2026
Accepted: 11 July 2026
First Online: 26 August 2026
Declarations
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Ethical Approval: The animal experimental committee at The University of Osaka approved the experimental procedures for cyborg insects in this study (approval number 2023-5-0).
