Xia, Chao-qun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-8665
Hu, Hang-ming
Zhang, Xing
Jing, Ran
Liu, Shu-guang
Chen, Bo-han
Liu, Ning
Yang, Tai
Li, Qiang
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52474406, 52405226, 52071126)
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2024202254)
Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City China (22JCQNJC01240)
Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province (226Z1009G)
Special funds for science and technology innovation in Hebei (2022X19)
Article History
Received: 20 January 2025
Revised: 17 April 2025
Accepted: 18 April 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Declarations
:
: Chao-qun Xia is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.