Ren, Yin-jie
Wang, Dong-cheng
Lv, You-chuang
Du, Jing-bo
Liu, Hong-min
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U21A20118)
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No.E2023203065)
the National Key Laboratory of Metal Forming Technology and Heavy Equipment (No.S2208100.W04)
Article History
Received: 26 December 2024
Revised: 1 March 2025
Accepted: 10 May 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.