Xin, Zi-cheng
Zhang, Jiang-shan
Lan, Mo
Zhang, Ming-zhi
Liu, Qing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-2250
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52374321)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB3713602)
Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Jianlong Group-University of Science and Technology Beijing (20231235)
Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Revised: 2 June 2025
Accepted: 24 July 2025
First Online: 11 September 2025
Declarations
:
: Jiang-shan Zhang is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests.