Yao, Yu-Chao
Liu, Zhong-Qiu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3097-256X
Wei, Yu-Ze
Wang, Ning
Yang, Jun
Li, Bao-Kuan
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52422408)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52171031)
Liaoning Xingliao Talents-Top-notch Young Talents Project (XLYC2203064)
Excellent Youth Fund of Liaoning Natural Science Foundation (2023JH3/10200001)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N2425004)
Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Revised: 28 September 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Zhong-Qiu Liu is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare no conflict of interest.