Zhang, Xian-Guang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1207-3747
Feng, Shou-Li
Qi, Jiang-Hua
Shi, Peng
Shu, Chun-Yang
Guo, Huang-Xun
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51804232)
Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (2212041)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (FRF-IDRY-20-020)
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University (202303-RDKGE-0518)
Article History
Received: 2 January 2025
Revised: 8 August 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Xian-Guang Zhang is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare no conflict of interest.