Tian, Bao-Qian
Gong, Dian-Yao
Ding, Cheng-Yan
Dong, Li-Jie
Wang, Qiu-Na
Yuan, Guo
Zhang, Ke-Long
Zheng, Wei
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3304800)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20117)
Article History
Received: 13 March 2025
Revised: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Jie Sun is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests.