Zhang, Chao
Li, Zhao-Dong
Cao, Yan-Guang
Yang, De-Zhen
Zhang, Hao
Cheng, Xing-Wang
Xiong, Zhi-Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-004X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Central Iron and Steel Research Institute (24G60630ZD)
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2024105015)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52504407)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52271004)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51901021)
Key Technologies Research and Development Program (2022YFB3706401)
Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Revised: 10 February 2026
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
:
: Zhi-Ping Xiong is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare no conflict of interest.