Li, Qiu-Yu
Zhang, Yuan-Bo
Su, Zi-Jian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-5373
Cai, Yu-Juan
Ma, Ke
Jiang, Tao
Funding for this research was provided by:
Basic Science Center Project for National Natural Science Foundation of China (72088101)
Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2023RC1025)
Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2024RC3022)
Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Revised: 12 March 2026
Accepted: 18 March 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Declarations
:
: Tao Jiang is an editorial member and Zi-Jian Su is a youth editorial board member for Journal of Iron and Steel Research International and they were not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. This manuscript has not been published or presented elsewhere in part or entirety and is not under consideration by another journal. We have read and understood your journal’s policies, and we believe that neither the manuscript nor the study violates any of these. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.