Document is current

Article History

Received: 11 April 2025

Revised: 18 June 2025

Accepted: 19 June 2025

First Online: 15 August 2025

Declarations

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: Author Charl Els (CE) is funded by the Canadian Centre of Recovery Excellence, reports grants from Workers’ Compensation Board (WCB) – Alberta, and was employed by the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta. Author Maire Durnin-Goodman (MDG) holds investment in a biological monitoring company. Author Paul Farnan (PF) reports grants from the Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Simon Fraser University and the University of Alberta. Author Ray Baker (RB) served on the U.S. Department of Labor’s Working Group for Recovery-Ready Workplaces. Author Ash Bender (AB) declares consulting fees from RBC Insurance, Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (Ontario), Metrolinx (Ontario) and the Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO); honoraria for speaking engagement from Osgoode School of Law, WCB Alberta, WCB BC; payment for expert testimony from the Canadian Medical Malpractice Agency; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Lundbeck; and an unpaid leadership or fiduciary role with the Cunningham Society. Author Cherie Klassen (CK) declares no conflict of interest. Author Barry Gelinas (BG) received an honorarium from the American Medical Association (AMA) and is an unpaid AMA Guides® Editorial Panel advisory Committee member. Author Alex Dyck (AD) declares no conflict of interest. Author Anna A. Noga (AN) declares no conflict of interest. Author Riley Stewart-Patterson (RSP) declares no conflict of interest. Author Liz Dennett (LD) declares no conflict of interest. Author Sebastian Straube (SS) reports grants from the Workers’ Compensation Board – Alberta, the Government of Alberta, the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta, and the Alberta Medical Association. SS also reports honoraria from the Occupational Medicine Specialists of Canada, the M.S.I. Foundation, the Canadian Centre of Recovery Excellence, and The Policy Works. SS is also a member of the Editorial Board of SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine and he is an editor of the Collection “Mental and substance-related conditions in the workplace” of SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine; he has not taken part in the review or selection process of this article. CE is also an editor of the Collection “Mental and substance-related conditions in the workplace” of SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine; he has not taken part in the review or selection process of this article.