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Article History

Received: 24 January 2025

Accepted: 14 July 2025

First Online: 22 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors declare that they have no known competing interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

: Verbal agreement was acquired from participants voluntarily and openly prior to the data collection procedures of this study. The authors explained to the participants that the collected data were merely utilized for academic reasons and that no fees were offered to the research subjects (participants). The authors also explained verbally to the study participants how participant anonymity was safeguarded, how data collection was done, the ability to request questions, the freedom to revoke consent at any time, the lack of penalty for doing so and the research benefits. Finally, the participants verbally granted the authors informed consent. Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted in Amharic (the main local language spoken in the study area and the official working language) to address their demands.

: This research was approved by the College of Social science and Humanities at Arba Minch University with the committee members Adefris Teferi Abebe in accordance with the ethical standards of Arba Minch university guideline entitled with Arba Minch university school of Graduate Studies PhD Guideline with guideline issue number 011/2014.