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Article History

Received: 26 February 2025

Accepted: 2 September 2025

First Online: 30 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This study involves the analysis of images where potential human faces were detected. However, no personally identifiable information is disclosed, and all images used in the research comply with ethical guidelines for data protection and privacy.

: All individuals whose images are included in this study provided informed consent for their images to be used in research and potential publication. In cases where direct consent was not feasible, all images were either publicly available, anonymized, or used under fair use/data protection regulations, ensuring that no identifiable personal information is disclosed. The authors affirm that publication of the images does not violate any ethical or legal considerations.

: The authors declare no competing interests.