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Authors
Malik, Hafizi
Mohd Hanapiah, Muhammad Faiz
Toha, Siti Fauziah
Mustapa, Mohd Zaini
Azmi, Aiman Hisyam
Johari, Hazrul Amirul
Idris, Ahmad Syahrin
Mohd Ibrahim, Azhar
De Wilde, Philippe
I. A. Alqedra, Amir
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2024
Accepted: 26 September 2025
First Online: 14 January 2026
Declarations
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: No ethical approval was required for this study as it did not involve human participants, experiments on animals, or collection of specimens. The coral reef imagery used in this study was collected in accordance with local regulations and with appropriate permits from relevant authorities. Not applicable as this study did not involve human participants.
: Not applicable as this study did not involve human participants or identifiable individual data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
