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Authors
Musdalipa,
Younus, Muhammad
Meiyani, Eliza
Sumiati,
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Article History
Received: 30 August 2025
Accepted: 28 November 2025
First Online: 31 December 2025
Declarations
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: All authors confirm that Ethical approval was obtained from the Makassar Islamic University Postgraduate ResearchOffice Committee in 2024, with approval number FI-001, and the study was conducted in accordance with theUniversity’s Research Ethics Standards and Guidelines. Participants have been informed about the purpose, procedures, and potential risks and benefits of this study, and they understand that their participation is entirely voluntary.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed consent was obtained from the sampled households in the local language before the commencement of data collection. The respondents sampled were well-informed about the investigation’s aim, the privacy of the information, the process of volunteer participation, and their right to withdraw from the interview at any point during the process.
: Not Applicable.
