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Authors
Zhao, Guoying
Cai, Tianming
Zang, Junbin
Zong, Chen
Zhang, Zhidong
Xue, Chenyang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanxi College of Technology Scientific Research Startup Fund Project (009018)
Shanxi College of Technology Scientific Research Startup Fund Project (009018)
Shanxi Province Outstanding Young Academic Leader Program of Colleges and Universities (2024Q043)
Basic Research General Program of Shanxi Province (202303021221186)
Basic Research General Program of Shanxi Province (202303021221186)
Basic Research General Program of Shanxi Province (202303021221186)
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Article History
Received: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Declarations
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: All imaging of TST test results conducted in this study was performed at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. The imaging procedures were completed under the guidance of respiratory physicians. Photographs were obtained with the informed consent of each patient. All processes and protocols complied with the ethical standards of Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Data usage was approved by the Ethics Committee of Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision) and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. The use of TST images and related clinical data was strictly compliant with the committee’s regulations on medical data protection.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants (or their legal guardians, if applicable) prior to image collection. Participants were fully informed of the study purpose, data usage, privacy protection measures, and their right to withdraw from the study at any time without negative consequences. All signed informed consent forms are retained by the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, for future verification.
: All data obtained by this research institute were collected with the informed consent of the relevant patients. All patients have authorized the use of their data for research and publication. All participants (or their legal guardians) have given explicit consent for the anonymized TST images and related research findings to be published in academic journals or presented at conferences. No identifiable personal information (e.g., name, medical record number, facial features) is included in the published materials.
