Ding, Lining
Article History
Received: 12 December 2025
Accepted: 9 April 2026
First Online: 27 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not Applicable.
: The performance data used in this study were ethically sourced from publicly available, anonymized datasets on Kaggle, ensuring transparency and consent. All data were used solely for research purposes in analyzing and modeling VT actor performance.
: Not applicable. The study utilized fully anonymized and publicly accessible datasets, so no additional participant consent was required.
: Not applicable. The datasets do not contain identifiable personal data, images, or recordings of individuals. All results are reported in aggregated form, preserving participant anonymity.