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Authors
Wang, Ruien
Bas, Lisa M.
Janet, Remi
Smallwood, Jonathan
Xu, Yijun
Morawetz, Carmen
Tusche, Anita
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
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Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Additional Information
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: We report how we determined our sample size, all inclusion and exclusion criteria, and all measures used in the study. The current study was preregistered (preregistration: [https://aspredicted.org/C2D\_J9Y](https:/aspredicted.org/C2D_J9Y)). All data and analysis code used in the study are publicly available at the Open Science Framework (OSF; https://osf.io/qmcyw/?view\_only=d96f558ff6184503a4a1a3c9efed5193). All analyses were done in R version 4.3.3 (R Core Team, 2013), and Python Version 3.8.8.
: R.W., A.T., and C.M. designed the study and wrote the main manuscript text. R.W. performed the statistical analysis and created the figures. All authors reviewed, edited, and approved the final version of the manuscript.
