Updates are available Correction dated 2026-01-03

Article History

Received: 22 December 2024

Accepted: 17 November 2025

First Online: 17 December 2025

Change Date: 26 December 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised:

Change Details: In the originally published version of this article, several minor errors were identified and have now been corrected. These corrections do not affect the overall results or conclusions of the study.

Change Details: Abstract

Change Details: The sentence “Although efflux pump and mecC genes have been documented…” has been corrected to “Although efflux pump genes and mecC have been documented…” to improve grammatical parallelism and scientific clarity.

Change Details: The gene name tet38 has been standardized throughout the manuscript as tet(38) to ensure consistent nomenclature.

Change Details: Keywords

Change Details: The Greek beta character in the keywords section has been corrected from “Β-lactamases” to “β-lactamases”, and a colon has been added after “Keywords” for standard formatting.

Change Details: Introduction

Change Details: A missing space after references was corrected: “…monitoring [5, 6].These findings…” → “…monitoring [5, 6]. These findings…”.

Change Details: “Tolerance” wording revised to “reduced susceptibility” for precision: “…heightening concern about tolerance to different classes of antimicrobials.” → “…heightening concern about reduced susceptibility to different antimicrobial classes.”

Change Details: Scientific names (Staphylococcus aureus and S. aureus) have been italicized consistently throughout the manuscript.

Change Details: Materials and Methods

Change Details: “Selection was conducted non-probabilistically, based on convenience…” has been revised to “Flocks were selected using convenience sampling, based on farm availability…”.

Change Details: Wording “described by [10]” revised to “…as described by Fan et al. [10].” for readability.

Change Details: ATCC strain number corrected from “ATCC® 43,300” to “ATCC® 43300”.

Change Details: Negative control terminology updated from “DNA-Free Water” to “Nuclease-free water”.

Change Details: Results and Discussion

Change Details: Tone/word choice updated: “…might at first suggest a reasonably comfortable scenario…” → “…may suggest a low apparent prevalence…”.

Change Details: Gene reporting parallelism corrected: “100% carried norA and norC, 60% msrA…” → “100% carried norA and norC, 60% carried msrA…”.

Change Details: Typographical noise removed: “De Similarly, blaZ may contribute…” → “Similarly, blaZ may contribute…”.

Change Details: Genotype–phenotype caution statement revised: “…may underline reduced susceptibility to β-lactams and macrolides…” → “…may be associated with decreased susceptibility to β-lactams and macrolides; however, phenotypic susceptibility testing was not performed…”.

Change Details: Conclusion

Change Details: Terminology updated from “repository” to “reservoir”: “…suggests a potential repository of resistance genes…” → “…suggests a potential reservoir of resistance genes…”.

Change Details: The original article has been corrected.

Change Date: 3 January 2026

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-025-01863-y