Funding for this research was provided by:
Yonsei University
Article History
Received: 14 March 2026
Revised: 16 May 2026
Accepted: 1 July 2026
First Online: 21 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: Harn Wei Kua is an EBM of the journal Biochar, and he was not involved in the peer-review or handling of the manuscript. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.