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Authors
Jafery, Nurul Najiha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-0557
Sulaiman, Siti Noraini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-5651
Osman, Muhammad Khusairi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5479-6409
Abdul Karim, Noor Khairiah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8176-3939
Che Soh, Zainal Hisham https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7976-078X
Mat Isa, Nor Ashidi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-4914
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2021/TK0/UITM/02/58)
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Article History
Received: 10 May 2024
Revised: 2 September 2024
Accepted: 27 September 2024
First Online: 7 March 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
: Ethics approval was obtained from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM/JEPeM/21110721).
: Verbal informed consent was obtained from all subjects before the study. Written consent was not obtained because the data were collected retrospectively, and the subjects were not physically present at the healthcare facility. The images belonged to the institution, and local approval was obtained for their retrieval and publication.
